十一月初，普惠公司為其第四大飛機(jī)制造商客戶——巴西航空工業(yè)公司（Embraer）的E190-E2和E195-E2飛機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的PW1900G靜潔動(dòng)力齒輪傳動(dòng)式渦扇（GTF）發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)開始進(jìn)行飛機(jī)測試項(xiàng)目，并順利完成了首飛任務(wù)。也有其他公司選擇使用PW1000G靜潔動(dòng)力發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，包括龐巴迪公司（Bombardier）、三菱公司（Mitsubishi）、伊爾庫特公司（Irkut）和空客（Airbus）。
普惠公司和巴西航空工業(yè)公司正在合作進(jìn)行兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目，E-Jet E2項(xiàng)目是其中之一。普惠公司參與協(xié)作，為巴西工業(yè)航空公司的KC-390運(yùn)輸機(jī)提供V2500-E5發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，目前該項(xiàng)目正在進(jìn)行認(rèn)證活動(dòng)。普惠也為E-Jet E2項(xiàng)目提供輔助動(dòng)力裝置。
五大飛機(jī)制造商選擇使用GTF發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，原因之一是該技術(shù)據(jù)稱能夠降低商用飛機(jī)的油耗和二氧化碳排量超過16%，減少受法規(guī)限制的排放超過50%。普惠表示，該發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)降低的二氧化碳排量相當(dāng)于每年種植約100萬棵樹或者停駛300萬輛轎車。同時(shí)，該發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)也能將飛機(jī)的噪音足跡縮小75%以上。
總體而言，靜潔動(dòng)力發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)家族已完成23,000小時(shí)以上的測試和40,000個(gè)測試循環(huán)。近期，在日內(nèi)瓦舉行的全球可持續(xù)航空峰會上，航空運(yùn)輸行動(dòng)組織（ATGA）將GTF發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)列入《航空業(yè)應(yīng)對氣候變化案例集》（Aviation Climate Solutions），這也體現(xiàn)出該發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)對航空業(yè)的影響。
《航空業(yè)應(yīng)對氣候變化案例集》是一項(xiàng)航空業(yè)的協(xié)作項(xiàng)目，旨在降低二氧化碳排放，并幫助減輕航空業(yè)對于氣候變化的影響。迄今該項(xiàng)目已有100個(gè)案例，普惠的PW1900G是其中之一。在日內(nèi)瓦峰會期間，一封由航空業(yè)數(shù)位首席執(zhí)行官署名的公開信也得以發(fā)布，重申了航空業(yè)對于采取行動(dòng)應(yīng)對氣候變化的承諾，同時(shí)吁請各國政府支持為航空業(yè)減排制定統(tǒng)一的全球市場措施，提高航空運(yùn)輸管理效率，加快可替代燃料和新技術(shù)的研發(fā)進(jìn)展。
“航空運(yùn)輸在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)中扮演著重要角色，是密切人員與商業(yè)交流的橋梁，”ATAG的執(zhí)行董事Michael Gill表示。“航空業(yè)同時(shí)也在應(yīng)對氣候變化的行動(dòng)中發(fā)揮著領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用，目前已制定全面的框架體系和目標(biāo)來減少由航空運(yùn)輸產(chǎn)生的排放?！逗娇諛I(yè)應(yīng)對氣候變化案例集》通過一系列案例研究，展示了包括普惠公司在內(nèi)的全球航空業(yè)各界同仁，共同為減輕本行業(yè)對氣候變化的影響所做的努力。”
2008年，航空業(yè)成為首個(gè)制定全球目標(biāo)以積極應(yīng)對氣候變化影響的行業(yè)。通過推行碳中立發(fā)展理念，航空業(yè)將在2020年穩(wěn)定其二氧化碳凈排放量，即在持續(xù)增加航空運(yùn)輸量滿足社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展需求的同時(shí)，通過統(tǒng)一的全球市場措施來抵消全行業(yè)的碳排放量增長。長期目標(biāo)是，到2050年將航空運(yùn)輸業(yè)的二氧化碳凈排放量減至2005年的一半?！?/p>
“靜潔動(dòng)力GTF發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)為未來可持續(xù)的航空業(yè)帶來了巨大價(jià)值，” 普惠公司技術(shù)與環(huán)境副總裁Alan Epstein博士表示。“它的發(fā)展激勵(lì)了商用飛機(jī)制造商掀起新一輪的創(chuàng)新。”
作者：Jean L. Broge
來源：SAE《航空工程雜志》
翻譯：SAE上海辦公室
Pratt & Whitney's PW1900G engine takes off
In early November, Pratt & Whitney's PW1900G PurePower Geared Turbofan (GTF) engine for the Embraer E190-E2 and E195-E2 aircraft, successfully completed its first flight, initiating the engine's flight test program for Embraer, PurePower's fourth airframer customer. Also on the PW1000G PurePower dance card isBombardier, Mitsbushi, Irkut, and Airbus.
The E-Jet E2 program is one of two that Pratt & Whitney and Embraer are working together on. Pratt & Whitney is part of the collaboration that supplies the V2500-E5 engine for the Embraer KC-390, which is going through its certification campaign. Pratt & Whitney also supplies the auxiliary power unit for the E-Jet E2 program.
Just some of the reasons why five airframers have chosen the GTF engine is that the technology is said to reduce commercial aircraft fuel burn and carbon dioxide emissions by more than 16% and reduce regulated emissions by more than 50%. P&W claims that the engine will reduce CO2 emissions at a level equivalent to planting nearly 1 million trees or removing 3 million cars off the road—every year. Also, the engine reduces the aircraft noise footprint by more than 75%.
Overall, the PurePower engine family has completed more than 23,000 hours of testing and 40,000 cycles, and its impact in the industry is reflected by the GTF engine recently being cited as an Aviation Climate Solution by the Air Transport Action Group (ATAG) at the Global Sustainable Aviation Summit in Geneva.
Aviation Climate Solutions is a collaboration within the aviation industry that has identified 100 examples, P&W's PW1900G being one such example, to cut carbon dioxide emissions and help reduce aviation's impact on climate change. During the Summit, an open letter from industry chief executives was released that reaffirmed the industry's commitment to climate action and called on governments to support it with the development of a global market-based measure for aviation emissions, improving efficiency in air traffic management, and accelerating research for alternative fuels and new technology.
"Aviation plays a vital role in the world economy, providing connectivity for people and business," said Michael Gill, Executive Director, ATAG. "Our industry has also taken a lead in climate action, putting in place a comprehensive framework and goals to reduce emissions from air transport. The Aviation Climate Solutions are a set of case studies showing how different parts of the industry all over the world, including Pratt & Whitney are working to reduce our climate impact."
In 2008, the aviation sector became the first to set global goals to proactively manage its climate change impact. The industry will stabilize its net CO2 emissions from 2020 through a concept called carbon-neutral growth, whereby traffic would continue to rise to meet social and economic demands, but growth would be offset through a global market-based measure. The longer-term goal is to reduce net CO2emissions from aviation to half of what they were in 2005, by 2050.
"The PurePower GTF engine provides immense value to the future of sustainable aviation," said Dr. Alan Epstein, Pratt & Whitney's Vice President, Technology and Environment. "Its development spurred a new period of innovation among commercial aircraft manufacturers."
Author: Jean L. Broge
Source: SAE Aerospace Engineering Magazine
魁北克米拉貝爾飛機(jī)測試中心（Mirabel Flight Test Center）的員工正在檢查靜潔動(dòng)力齒輪傳動(dòng)式渦扇PW1900G發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)（圖左），該發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)將為巴西航空工業(yè)公司的E190-E2和E195-E2飛機(jī)提供動(dòng)力，工作人員正在為普惠747SP測試平臺的首次飛行做地面啟動(dòng)準(zhǔn)備。
靜潔動(dòng)力PW1900G發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)專為巴西航空工業(yè)公司的E190-E2和E195-E2飛機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)。該發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)正在接受檢查，并準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)行普惠747SP測試平臺的首次飛行。
Kevin Ryan和Amanda Varrichio是飛機(jī)測試團(tuán)隊(duì)的分析師，他們正在檢查來自普惠747SP飛行測試平臺的飛機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)，平臺位于魁北克的米拉貝爾飛機(jī)測試中心。團(tuán)隊(duì)已開始測試靜潔動(dòng)力PW1900G發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，該發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)將為巴西航空工業(yè)公司的E190-E2和E195-E2飛機(jī)提供動(dòng)力。
11月2日，靜潔動(dòng)力齒輪傳動(dòng)式渦扇PW1900G發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)開始測試首飛，地點(diǎn)在魁北克的米拉貝爾飛機(jī)測試中心。PW1900G發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)將為巴西航空工業(yè)公司的E190-E2和E195-E2飛機(jī)提供動(dòng)力。